Predictive Diagnostic Analysis for Early Detection of Alzheimer's disease Using Machine Learning

Abstract

The accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) plays an important role in patient treatment, especially at the disease’s early stages, because risk awareness allows the patients to undergo preventive measures even before the occurrence of irreversible brain damage. Although many recent studies have used computers to diagnose AD, most machine detection methods are limited by congenital observations. Alzheimer’s, an irreparable brain disease, impairs thinking and memory while the aggregate mind size shrinks which at last prompts demise. Early diagnosis of AD is essential for the progress of more prevailing treatments. Machine learning (ML), a branch of artificial intelligence, employs a variety of probabilistic and optimization techniques that permits PCs to gain from vast and complex datasets. As a result, researchers focus on using machine learning frequently for diagnosis of early stages of AD. This paper presents a analysis and critical evaluation of the recent work done for the early detection of AD using ML techniques. Several methods achieved promising prediction accuracies, however they were evaluated on different pathologically unproven data sets from different imaging modalities making it difficult to make a fair comparison among them. Moreover, many other factors such as pre-processing, the number of important attributes for feature selection, class imbalance distinctively affect the assessment of the prediction accuracy. To overcome these limitations, a model is proposed which comprise of initial pre-processing step followed by imperative attributes selection and classification is achieved using association rule mining. Furthermore, this proposed model based approach gives the right direction for research in early diagnosis of AD and has the potential to distinguish AD from healthy controls.